IX & X BASIC CHEMISTRY

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IX & X BASIC CHEMISTRY

BASIC CHEMISTRY

   A    Mass no p+n           23        23 - 11 = 12 n

  E           Na          Shelling

 Z     Atomic no                 11         11 E

         -No of protons                        11 P

         -No of electrons            (Mantara for 1—20—atomic numbers)

 

 

1    2     3    4    5    6   7    8  9    10    11     12    13    14  15 16  17  18   19  20

H He, Li Be B, C N O F, Ne Na, Mg Al, Si P,S Cl Ar,K Ca

 

 

Symbol

AT-No(z)

K

L

M

N

 

VE

VALENCY

NATURE

H

1

1

 

 

 

 

1

-1

N.MT

He

2

2

 

 

 

 

2

0

INERT

Li

3

2

1

 

 

 

1

+1

Mt

Be

4

2

2

 

 

 

2

+2

Mt

B

5

2

3

 

 

 

3

+3

Mt

C

6

2

4

 

 

 

4

-4

N.MT

N

7

2

5

 

 

 

5

-3

N.MT

O

8

2

6

 

 

 

6

-2

N.MT

F

9

2

7

 

 

 

7

-1

N.MT

Ne

10

2

8

 

 

 

8

0

INERT

Na

11

2

8

1

 

 

1

+1

Mt

Mg

12

2

8

2

 

 

2

+2

Mt

Al

13

2

8

3

 

 

3

+3

Mt

Si

14

2

8

4

 

 

4

-4

N.MT

P

15

2

8

5

 

 

5

-3

N.MT

S

16

2

8

6

 

 

6

-2

N.MT

Cl

17

2

8

7

 

 

7

-1

N.MT

Ar

18

2

8

8

 

 

8

0

INERT

K

19

2

8

8

1

 

1

+1

Mt

Ca

20

2

8

8

2

 

2

+2

Mt

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Metals-cations-(+)             Non-Metal-anion-(-)

Symbol

VLy

Name

Symbol

Vly

Name

 

Al

3

Aluminium

Cl

1

Chloride

 

As

3

Arsnic

Br

1

Bromide

 

Ag

1

Silver

I

1

Iodine

 

Ba

2

Barium

(OH)

1

Hydroxide

 

Ca

2

Calcium

(HCO3)

1

Bicarbonate

 

Cu

2

Copper

(HSO4)

1

Bisulphate

 

Cd

2

Cadmium

(CLO3)

1

Cholrate

 

Cr

3

Croumium

(NO3)

1

Nitarte

 

H

1

Hydrogen

-

-

-

 

Hg

2

Mercury

O

2

Oxide

 

K

1

Potassium

S

2

Sulphide

 

Li

1

Lithium

(SO4)

2

Sulphate

 

Mn

2

Mangese

(CO3)

2

Carbonate

 

Mg

2

Mangesium

(SIO3)

2

Silicate

 

Na

1

Sodium

(ZnO2)

2

Zincate

 

(NH4)

1

Ammonium

(AlO2)

1

Aluminate

 

Zn

2

Zinc

P

3

Phosphide

 

 

 

 

N

3

Nitride

 

 

 

 

(PO4)

3

Phosphate

 

 

 

 

C

4

Carbiede

 

Al3  O2---Al2O3

Al3  (PO)4          ---AlPO4

Ca2 (SO4)2---CaSO4

Ca2  (Po4)3---Ca(PO4)2

Na1(OH)1---NaOH                     

(NH4)1 (NO3)1—NH4NO3

(NH4)1 (PO4)3—NH4PO3

(NH4)1 (SO4)2—(NH4)2SO4

Mg2(OH)1—Mg(OH)2 

K1 (CO3)2—K2CO3

H1 (NO3)1—HNO3